Proteins & Proteomics

Research explainer on a transcriptomic and RT-qPCR study of pyroptosis-related signals in endometriosis tissue.

An integrative transcriptomic study reported higher PXDN and TCF4 expression in paediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia across two datasets, while TSPAN7 showed a different lineage-associated pattern. The findings prioritize hypotheses for further protein-level research rather than establish clinical biomarkers or treatment targets.

A mouse study compared liver-directed GSD Ia and Ib models and found broadly similar molecular responses, with several measured disturbances more pronounced in GSD Ia.

This research explainer examines a bidirectional Mendelian-randomization study that connected plasma-protein signals, structural neuroimaging metrics, and Alzheimer’s disease within a genetic-instrument framework.

A research explainer of an exploratory breast-cancer study examining longitudinal NfL, galectin-3, and proteomic signals associated with paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy.

A proteomics and microvascular-chip study identifies THBS1 as a potential calciphylaxis biomarker and pathway component, while small cohorts and experimental models limit clinical interpretation.

An exploratory cohort of 70 people with type 1 myocardial infarction linked larger infarct-size strata to higher IL-6 and distinct inflammatory protein trajectories.

A plasma-proteomics study associates higher circulating COL3A1 propeptide with more favorable survival outcomes in an OSCC cohort, while leaving clinical validation unresolved.

A COPDGene analysis links two CT lung-volume phenotypes among tobacco-exposed people with preserved spirometry to distinct plasma-protein patterns and different observed longitudinal outcomes.

A protein–protein interaction map of peroxisomal proteins expands the network available for studying peroxisomal function and disease-associated hypotheses.

A cohort study used serial-serum proteomics alongside virologic and clinical measures to compare HBV-associated acute liver failure forms and acute hepatitis B.

A research explainer of reported plasma proteomic and endothelial-model findings linking obstructive sleep apnea burden with markers consistent with endothelial glycocalyx perturbation.

A 2026-06-16 study paired plasma proteomics in children with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis with chronic-arthritis mouse experiments to examine neurobiological protein profiles and candidate pathways.

A spatial proteomics and transcriptomics study links compartment-specific immune states with a candidate chemotherapy-response biomarker in ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer.

Two proteomics studies show that Giardia releases a large, time-varying protein mixture and a smaller vesicle-bound cargo whose composition depends strongly on culture conditions.

A fresh tissue-proteomics map and an independent epithelial perturbation study converge on immune remodeling during H. pylori injury, while leaving the proposed bridge from hypusination to lesion progression untested.

Two urine-proteomics studies found strong multiprotein separation in exploratory case-control samples, but their designs show why healthy-control accuracy cannot establish disease-specific diagnosis.

Two recent plasma-proteomics studies expose different requirements for diagnostic discovery: sample preparation controls which proteins are measurable, while clinically relevant comparator groups test whether a candidate signal is disease-specific.

Two recent studies show why a change at lysine cannot be interpreted as one uniform protein effect. Global chemical dimethylation preserved some ribonuclease properties but disrupted catalysis, while ubiquitinated proteomics linked site-level changes to altered metabolic proteins in ovarian granulosa cells.

Two human proteomics studies examine the depression–metabolic interface at different scales, from a small serum biomarker study in type 2 diabetes to a multimodal population analysis linking plasma proteins, brain features, and metabolic measures.

Recent plasma and tape-strip studies show how accessible samples can reveal disease-associated protein patterns while also exposing limits in coverage and diagnostic specificity. Sample preparation and tissue compartment remain part of the biomarker question.

A new seven-protein plasma panel separated remission in ANCA-associated vasculitis in an independent cohort, while a separate machine-learning study showed why tissue origin and missing proteins can complicate interpretation of biofluid proteomics. Together, the studies argue for combining predictive validation with biological context.

Two recent studies tested plasma protein panels for different heart-failure tasks: estimating mortality among people with established disease and distinguishing symptomatic HFpEF from non-heart-failure controls. Both improved prediction within their study settings, but neither established a ready-to-use clinical test.

Two recent studies used mass spectrometry to resolve different kinds of tumor heterogeneity: molecular subtypes within nasopharyngeal carcinoma and protein-state transitions across pancreatic cancer precursors. Together they show how sampling scale determines which cancer states proteomics can reveal.

Two recent studies used proteomics to pursue different biomarker questions in inflammatory demyelinating disease: plasma signals at multiple-sclerosis diagnosis and immune-proteomic correlates of relapse in MOG-antibody disease. Together they show why sample compartment, preparation method, and clinical endpoint must be kept distinct.

A 2014 Science review marked the moment cryo-electron microscopy began resolving protein structures at near-atomic detail, opening molecules that had resisted crystallography.

A 2014 Nature study used mass spectrometry to draft the human proteome across tissues and fluids, complementing gene- and antibody-based maps.

A deep-learning system predicted protein 3D structure from sequence at near-experimental accuracy, and the pattern that followed — freely predicted structures for most known proteins — is reshaping how disease research starts.

The Human Protein Atlas mapped where the body’s proteins are expressed across tissues and cell types, turning the proteome into a browsable open resource.